Digital Technology Into The Learning Process Essay

Academia has been slow to incorporate digital technology into the learning process, and English courses seem to lag behind most other subject areas. Even when trying, College professors are challenged because post-secondary students â€Å"separate into different stratifications†¦ according to their previous academic, social, and professional experiences with computers – experiences that, in turn, are often dependent on age, class, race, and gender† (Bancroft, 2016, p. 47). These stratifications create Rainie’s definition of the digital divide: â€Å"the gap between those who access and use computers and the internet and those who do not† (Bancroft, 2016, p. 47). Many students can access the internet or computers, but there is an additional expectations in collegiate education. Writing centers regularly work with students who cannot confidently or successfully use technology for academic purposes, which becomes a primary barrier to their academic succe ss. Writing centers need to actively attempt to reduce this divide through instruction, application, and adaptation to help struggling students. Recognizing the Divide Literacy with technology takes on additional expectations when considering collegiate academics which creates a digital divide. This digital divide exists in most colleges at multiple levels: Students, faculty, and staff all have different digital experiences. This digital divide exists in most colleges at multiple levels: Students, faculty, and staff have differentShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Technology On Education809 Words   |  4 Pagesthat technology has been able to assert its influence is in the digitization of every perspective of human life. Most of the human activities have adopted a technology; a move normally referred to as digitizing, in their operation. Education has not been left behind. There has been an incorporation of the digital process of learning at all levels of education. The process has a very large influence on the field of education today. Before the introduction of technology in education, learning was beingRead MoreDigital Literacy Is A Continuous Learning Process785 Words   |  4 Pagesmust commit my way of learning to that of a digital native. Technology and its intricacies must become so ingrained in my daily routine that it becomes natural. Digital literacy is a continual learning process. Knowing this, I must be willing to adapt and change my way of teaching from 20th Century skills to 21st Century skills. New Definition of Literacy â€Å"Literacy has expanded from the notions of reading and writing to include the ability to learn and interact with technology in a meaningful way†Read MoreDigital Technology And Its Impact On The Classroom Essay792 Words   |  4 Pagesblogs, podcasts and microblogging will do very little to transform digital writing or learning in general. It s really not the tool or digital space that can transform or enhance learning. It is what is done there and how the tool is used by teachers and students alike. However, as I think the articles captured, when used effectively these digital tools have the potential to develop critical digital literacies. In Wikis as Learning Environments, Forte and Buckman report their findings of using aRead MoreCritical Thinking And Problem Solving Skills1648 Words   |  7 Pagesthinking and problem solving skills have epitomised education throughout history. As time has passed; the education system has become increasingly complex with the integration of learning theories, pedagogies, transformative learning spaces, behavioural management and most importantly; the evolution and role of technology. Learners within the 21st Century are experiencing an education where they are taught to collaboratively communicate and construct new understandings, while acquiring higher orderRead MoreThe Development Of Creative Thinking Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesfast, rapidly evolving technology going forward and the progress requires human attention and concentration, flexible thinking, and quick adaptation to what is happening. The world is constantly in need of interchange of different problems with the hel p of creative approaches. Cathy Davidson, the author of Project Classroom Makeover, provides a significant work on the role of creative thinking and its transformation due to changes in the digital era, as well as the process of forming of the self-Read MoreTechnology Has Changed The Way We Learn Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology has indeed changed the way we learn. I was observing some kids doing their school work and I noticed that all of them had computers, laptops, tablets, or another kind of technology device with them. It made me think back on my elementary, middle, and high school days. I remember growing up without as much technology available as today, so most of the papers were hand written, I had to spend days at the library looking for the right sources, reading newspaper, magazines and books to findRead MoreTechnology Can Not Replace A Poor Teaching974 Words   |  4 Pages Gunter, 2012). Teachers in advantaged areas are better equipped to create differentiat ion success through digital technologies and provide the much needed support for students who suffer from attention deficits, hearing and visual impairments. Access to digital apps and online databases can encourage students to dig deeper through inquiry and investigation and support extended learning especially for gifted students (Woolfolk Margetts, 2013), but also allow students to move through the informationRead MoreDesigning A Technology Plan Based On The School Needs1169 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is ubiquitous in the 21st century, providing students with resources and help them become equipped with skills about the technology innovation; these are essential goals for educational institutions. Also, technology both can enhance effectiveness in administration and instruction (Gà ¼lbahar, 2007). Designing a technology plan based on the school needs becomes a fundamental part of technology leadership. According to Overbay, Mollette, Vasu (2011), â€Å"Good planning m andates that each principalRead MoreSupport A Teaching Paradigm Change By Working Collaboratively With Colleagues780 Words   |  4 Pageswith colleagues to develop authentic learning through integrating technology resources with student interest. Through implementing technology rich interest driven learning opportunities, growing students Digital Literacy competence. Concurrently advocating for building relationships with students while promoting moral and ethical results. In this approach we can generate measurable student growth. Learning Theory: Students are entitled to an authentic learning experience, where the teacher is encouragingRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Digital Literacy1113 Words   |  5 PagesNowadays, Digital literacy helps to understand and analyze information through digital technology. The use of technology plays an important role within the process of teaching and learning; it can be used to teach reading and writing skills by using digital devices such as laptops, iPads, Chromebooks, or desktops. However, within the context of the use of technology in the area of education, and specifically in the area of language, digital literacy would also encompass its application both in development

Congress And The Presidency Essay - 1779 Words

The president is the foreign policy leader for the United States with an important political, military and economic role in the international arena. If there is collision between the president and congress, can congress restrain the president in foreign policy making? The era of globalization has witnessed the growing influence of a number of unconventional international actors, from non-governmental organizations, to multi-national corporations, to global political movements. Traditional, state-centric definitions of foreign policy as the policy of a sovereign state in its interaction with other sovereign states is no longer sufficient. Several alternative definitions are more helpful at highlighting aspects of foreign policy†¦show more content†¦This third and most helpful definition focuses not only on outcome, but also, crucially, on norms and process. Values are essential to the study of foreign policy, and explain why the policies of different states can vary so dramatically. Means are equally important: what a country does can be less significant than how it does it, as recent US actions illustrate. Central to pluralism is the notion that the three branches of government should be separate and distinct, with each acting to check an d balance the others and thus preventing abuse of power. In the United States, the often-tumultuous relationship between especially the legislative and executive branches has been the subject of much scholarship and debate. The Presidency has seen a slow but constant expansion of power since the days of George Washington, culminating in what Schlesinger has called the imperial presidencies of Johnson and Nixon, and continuing today. The official rights and duties of the President as regards foreign policy-making are actually only briefly mentioned in the Constitution, and are rather limited. The President shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur. However, presidents have frequently bypassed the need for congressional approval by enactingShow MoreRelatedGeorge Bush: Congress and 9/111290 Words   |  6 Pageswas about to unravel with the presidency of George W. Bush. A decade filled with controversy, from the election of Bush and well off into the ending of his presidency. The presidency saw significant changes in which the role of the president was to wield power in times of peril. In this time, saw the role of congress diminish, while on contrary expanding the power of the executive. Following the events of September 11th, 2001, which change the setting of the presidency and congressional relationshipRead MoreThe Presidency And Modern Presidency997 Words   |  4 Pagesover time approached developments and final approaches of the legislation, but some were unable to promote their certain provisions that they had. Historical Presidency and Modern Presidency shows how the power of the office has increased over time. In Historical Presidency, there was a â€Å"trick† that was designed to have an energetic presidency lie in avoiding a Napoleon. (The Logic of American Politics, CH. 7, pg. 304). A Napoleon was an ambitious individual who used any type of temporary advantageRead MoreTo What Extent Is the Obama Presidency More Imperilled Than Imperial?1152 Words   |  5 PagesTo what extent is the Obama presidency ‘more imperiled than imperial’? (40) To a fairly large extent, the Obama presidency is more ‘imperiled than imperial’ seems largely true, with Obama suffering from major constraints such as Congress. The theory of the imperiled Presidency suggests that rather than being too powerful, the President does not have enough power to be effective. In contrast, imperial presidency is characterised as when a president has greater power than the constitution allowsRead MorePresidents Of The Great Presidents828 Words   |  4 PagesImperial Presidency is when a president uses more power than the Constitution allows, and were able to avoid the checks and balances of our constitutional system. In this paper, I am going to explore three presidents who many feel were imperial presidents. While doing the research I was surprised how many great presidents had people make a case that they were an imperial president. For example, I read many articles about George Washington and Abraham Lincoln running imperial presidency. AbrahamRead Moreâ€Å"Enlightened Statesmen Will Not Always Be At The Helm.†1463 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical leaders (24). In our current presidential political climate, these words seem more pertinent than ever. There is no question that the powers of the presidency have increased since the founding of the United States, but what are the implications of this for American democracy? Increased presidential powers are taking power away from Congress, undermining the system of checks and balances, and ultimately hurting American democracy. Concentration of power in the executive branch circumvents democraticRead MoreThe Presidency Has Changed Us Equal Opportunity1605 Words   |  7 PagesSamantha Ruiz AP Government and Politics Arban 7 December 2014 The presidency has been the face of American government, and during times of crisis people are more willing to let him take executive action. The founding fathers had a vision for the nation, devoid of tyranny, with a system of checks and balances that would prevent the abuse of power. But at what point does the president become imperial? Some of the most noteworthy presidents have been imperialistic, because they have progressivelyRead MoreWas Obama An Imperial President?. . . . . Emma Hopkins.1650 Words   |  7 Pagessworn in for his second term on January 20, 2013. His last day in office was January 20, 2017. Obama’s presidency was full of many firsts: he is the first sitting president to publicly declare his support for same-sex marriage, †¦ However, Obama’s presidency was not only full of many firsts, but also full of imperious actions and decisions on his part; Obama’s presidency was an imperial presidency. An imperial president is one who is uncontr ollable and has exceeded the limits set by the constitutionRead MoreThe President of the United States938 Words   |  4 Pages an emperor, or especially a King were out of the question for many of the founders, and so the executive office of president was created, to hold great power, yet still be readily accountable to the people through election, and in check by both Congress and the Supreme Court (Bissette Pitney, 2012, p. 423). Early presidents faced tough situations which called for tough decisions, such as what George Washington faced with the Whiskey Rebellion, or Thomas Jefferson with the Barbary Pirates. At theRead MorePresident Truman And Lyndon B. Johnson1605 Words   |  7 Pagespresident, but stepped in the finish the term of the elected presidents who had died in office, FDR and John F. Kennedy, respectively. The successes of Presidents Truman and Johnson in their first 100 days stem from catering to Congress, having had experience in Congress, leadership skills a nd additionally by having public support or high approval ratings. When a president is first elected it is to their advantage to make full use of the opportunities that they have been afforded. â€Å"A president’sRead MoreTheodore Roosevelt : The Hero Of The Spanish American War1028 Words   |  5 Pagesways to Jackson. Roosevelt believed in a very strong executive and said, â€Å"The executive power was limited only by specific restrictions and prohibitions appearing in the Constitution or imposed by the Congress under its Constitutional powers.† (Roosevelt, p197). One of the great powers of the presidency not in the Constitution is the power to influence the American people, and Roosevelt used this in order to help pass the Hepburn Act of 1906. The Hepburn Act was an effort by Theodore Roosevelt to increase

Dispute Resolution and Arbitration in Oil Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Dispute Resolution and Arbitration in Oil. Answer: Introduction: Mediation is a better ways of solving disputes rather that making use of the courts and the judges. Mediation is time saving when compared to litigation. The process of litigation is quick and settles down to a mutual agreement[2] to the dispute which is accepted by both the parties. The mediator is a person who is the middleman in the dispute between the two parties. The mediator helps the parties to a dispute to benefit from each others private as well as confidential manners. This process starting from the application[3] for mediation till the settlement of the dispute does not take long time like litigation that involves a lot of legal issues which generally take time in the court to resolve the issues. If the parties to a dispute want quick resolution for their dispute, they should choose mediation process. Mediation process is where the cost is saved; the price for mediation service is lower since the time taken for the settlement of the dispute is also shorter. Some of the mediation services are free of charge especially in the Malaysian Mediation Centre. In a mediation process the parties reach to a settlement point in which they are satisfied. With the mediation facilitation[4] the parties to the dispute shall raise their problems concerning their benefits to the dispute in relation to each other. The resolution to the dispute will be concluded with the compromise and the with the fact that the settlement is agreed by both the parties to dispute. Mediation process focuses on the mending the broken relationship between the parties to dispute[5]. The result or the dispute settled under mediation give a win-win situation to both the parties. This is due to the agreement is made to be settled through compromise made by both the parties rather than having a judgment made by a judge which is only one sided. Unlike litigation where there is involvement of close related parties[6] like family members and relatives or the employer and the employee, the party which loses will draw a clear lie with the winning party, such things dont happen in mediation. Parties to a dispute and their counsel often avoid mediation process only because the result of the dispute is neither final nor binding. There is always a tension that an agreement that is mediated will not be enforceable by law just like the courts judgments and arbitration awards are. Yet, mediated agreements have an advantage in comparison to the judgments of the court and the arbitration awards because these mediated agreements are regarded as the agreement that are mutually understood by both the parties. Thus, the parties to a dispute can consider mediation to give effect to or meet the needs of both the parties. The result of the mediation is agreed and signed[7] by the parties at the end of the mediation session, which makes it enforceable in relation to the settlement of the agreement. Commercial mediation is considered as a private[8] and confidential dispute solving procedure in which an independent party and third party who is neutral that is the mediator, who helps the parties to solve dispute through a mutually acceptable negotiable[9] agreement. This process involves briefing of the mediator before the mediation which takes not more than one day. The mediation is attended by a decision maker for both the parties to dispute along with their legal advisors as well as experts or the insurer if there are any. Mediation process are voluntary process and gives scope to the parties to withdraw themselves from it at any point they want to. However, if a settlement is made it will be legally binding. It is believed that mediation should be regarded as the first option of resolving dispute. It is also believed that in most of the cases related to mediation can be deployed suitably. There are two obvious ways where the interference of the court may be needed, one is when the precedents arises determining the future needs or when the party needs urgent relief from the court. In such situations mediation is not advisable. In various mediated agreements a clause is included that states how such difficulties[10] as well any dispute related to the future shall be resolved. There is always scope for unforeseen problems that can come up while solving dispute. Mediation is used in law for the alternate dispute resolution. Mediation laws refer to a form of the alternative[11] dispute resolutionwhere the parties to dispute get a third party who is neutral, and helps in settlement of dispute. The purpose of mediation process is to avoid the time and expense which is caused in litigation[12]. Unlike the other forms of alternate dispute resolution mediation may not be binding on the parties. The role of the mediator is not to reach to a decision but to help the parties to dispute to reach to a decision that will be accepted by both the parties. There is usually no guarantee that mediation process will give effect to any settlement agreement in relation to solving the cases. Sometime mediation may be waste of time but still parties opt for mediation this is only because, when mediation is successful it saves a lot of money. For instance, taking a personal case of injury for trial can cost approx $100,000 or even more. But on the other hand, parties to dispute can pay the mediator some dollars and there are high chances that the case may get resolved by the end of the day. People who have been facing litigation prospects often consider that if their case is appropriate for mediation process. Nearly, all type of cases can be mediated but the best type of cases that should be considered for mediation is those who need to find an agreement of their own. If the parties involved can reach to a settlement on their own they need not involve a mediator. The most difficult issue that arises that during mediation is that whether the clause of mediation creates any enforceable obligations. This issue has made impact on the other related issues and rights. There are two decisions made by the Ontario Court of Appeal in which the court had arrived at a conflicting decision if the mediation clause can create any enforceable obligation. The English Court of Appeal considered this issue in the case, Sulmerica CIA Nacional de Seugros S.A. v Enesa Enharia S.A[13]. Mediation is considered to be a consensual process which requires no agreement for the process. It this is so then it makes it difficult to observe the certainty of the process that is essential element for its validity. In the English Court of Appeal it has been applied that the details of the mediation processes the certainty in relation to the requirements that are found in the law of contract that are related to the making of the contract. If in any case the party does not want to mediate it can state the position as soon as possible and therefore the mediation process can be done at the end. In the case, L-3 Communication Spar Aerospace Limited v CAE Inc[14], the court of appeal held that an obligation which is enforceable for mediation process has been pointed out in this case in relation to the cause of action which did not accrue and the limitation period did not start till the mediation process is held to be over. However, when it is least possible to get a settlement the parties opt for mediation in order to give effect to the settlement of dispute. Most common issues that are referred in mediation process are of breach of contract, injury cases in relation to torts, wrongful terminations of claims, family law matters and many more. Case like criminal charges, bankruptcy, deportation, immigration matters, appeals in relation to disability and any other cases in relation to government prosecution are not included in mediation process. Even cases like active dispute such as estate planning matters or real estate matters will not process under the mediation process. Arbitration is a type of dispute resolution process. It is considered as a private, judicial determination of dispute monitored by an independent third party. An arbitration hearing involves the use of an arbitrator or a tribunal. The tribunal consists of various of arbitrators though certain legal systems insist to avoid ties. The parties to dispute hand over the power to decide their problem to the arbitrators. Arbitration is an alternative to the courts settlement process it is final and binding to the parties. Although mediation and arbitration are similar and have the same mindset that is to solve dispute and give relief to both the parties. Yet they have major differences which the parties should understand before only. The most important difference between arbitration and mediation is that in an arbitration proceeding the arbitrator hears the proof of the both the parties before making his or her decision. Arbitration proceedings are similar to the proceedings of the court only thing is that arbitration proceedings are less formal. Whereas in mediation the process to solve dispute is based on negotiation with the help of a neutral third party. This neutral third party does not reach a conclusion but it helps the parties to decide upon a settlement. Mediators do not issue orders[15] or find fault rather they help the parties to the dispute to reach to a settlement with the help of communication[16]. Mediation process may vary with respect to the parties. Often the mediators meet the part ies to dispute separately. The mediators discuss the dispute with the parties and explore the ways to solve the dispute with each party. The main focus remains towards the parties to solve the dispute. Most of the disputes are solved successfully and often the parties will then enter into a written agreement where the settlement is made. Most of the people are satisfied with the decision of the mediation process than with the decisions made in the arbitration proceedings or the courts process. Arbitration proceedings are generally more formal than the mediation. An arbitrator can be a retired judge or a senior lawyer or a professional like an accountant or an engineer. During arbitration proceeding both the parties are given opportunity to their cases to the arbitrator. In a regular court proceeding[17] lawyers can also question the witness from both the parties. In arbitration there are very few out of court settlement between the parties. The arbitrator has the power to render any decision that is legally binding by both the parties and they must honor it and the award shall be enforceable in the courts. The scope of New York and Panama Conventions[18] and their application is highlighted under this. One of the primary means to enforce the international arbitration agreement is the New York Convention and their awards are made in the United States. The application of the arbitral awards are made in relation to the territory of the State other than those States where the recognition and enforcement of these awards are sorted and the arbitral awards are considered non-domestic which means that they are not considered as domestic awards in the State where their recognition and enforcement are made. Although the New York Convention does not define the term non-domestic awards. An agreement or an award that arise from the legal relationship whether it may be contractual or not it is not considered to be commercial it includes transactions, contracts or even agreements that are described under section 2 of this Convention. This is totally between the people of the United States and may not fall under the criteria of the Convention unless the relationship includes the property that that is located abroad or the enforcement has any other relation with one or more foreign states. For such purpose of this section corporations are considered as the citizens of the United States if they are incorporated or have the principle in the place of business in the United States. However, the ratification of the New York Convention[19], the scope of the convention was limited by the United States otherwise broad application of it would have been applied by the people that would elect the commercial reservation and the reciprocity reservation, which limit the application to commercial disputes and restrict its ambit to enforce the arbitration[20] agreements with the countries who are a part of it. Currently, 135 and may more countries have ratified the New York Convention. The Panama Convention[21] provides the jurisdiction for recognizing and enforcing the arbitration agreements and awards in the international commercial transactions between the individual of the member countries of the organizing states. Like the New York Convention, the Panama Convention is executed by the United States only applies to the arbitration agreements in respect to the commercial transactions and it also limits the enforcement of arbitration agreements with the countries who are a part of it. The Panama Convention does not define the commercial the courts in this country have applied by the United States Supreme Courts broad definition of commerce. There are times when it is expected that both the Ney York and the Panama Convention may be applied to the arbitral awards. When such situation arises then the Panama Convention states that, if most of the people of the parties to arbitration agreement are the people of a States that have been ratified to the Panama Convention and are the members of the conventions, the Panama Convention applies to such acts. But in other cases the New York convention applies. In the theory of enforcing the arbitration awards through the New York and Panama Convention is very straight. Any such case that comes under the convention is within the jurisdiction of the United States District Courts. The conformation of these awards must be made within three years of the award being issued. In the case, Karaha Bodas Co. LLC v Peruasahaan Pertambangan Minyak Dan Gas Bumi Nagara[22], a company needs enforcement of a Swiss arbitral award against the Indonesian government owned company issues in Switzerland to peruse the Swiss procedural laws. The Indonesian company successfully petitioned an Indonesian court to annul the award and then asserted the annulment as a defense to enforce the award under the New York Convention. Bibliography: Sulamerica CIA Nacional de Seguros S.A. v Enesa Engenharia S.A. [2012] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 671 L-3 Communication Spar Aerospace Limited v CAE Inc 2011 ONCA 435 (CanLII). Karaha Bodas Co. v. PERTAMBANGAN, 190 F. Supp. 2d 936 (S.D. Tex. 2001) Brown, Gina Viola, and Andrea Kupfer Schneider. "Gender differences in dispute resolution practice: Report on the ABA section of dispute resolution practice snapshot survey." (2014). Carter, Alexandra, and Shawn Watts. "The Role of Language Interpretation in Providing a Quality Mediation Process." (2016). Christie, David S. "The elephant in the dispute resolution room: problems with the definition of arbitration in Scots law." (2016). Cordes, Michael. "Workplace mediation process undergoing trial: the subtropical scene." (2016). Hayes, Andrew F.Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press, 2013. Lamm, Carolyn B., and Frank Spoorenberg. "The Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards Under the New York Convention: Recent Developments." (2014). Meyer, Karin.Developing guidelines for professionals to facilitate the best interests of the child during the divorce mediation process. Diss. North-West University (South Africa), Potchefstroom Campus, 2015. Moore, Christopher W.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons, 2014. Moore, Christopher W.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons, 2014. Smith, Amy L., and David R. Smock. "Managing a mediation process." (2016). Del Duca, Louis, and Nancy Welsh. "Enforcement of Foreign Arbitration Agreements and Awards: Application of the New York Convention in the United States."American Journal of Comparative Law62.1 (2014): 69-95. Fellas, John, Hagit Elul, and Apoorva Patel. "International Arbitration in New York: A Practical Perspective."Indian J. Arb. L.5 (2016): 222. Ferrari, Franco, and Friedrich Rosenfeld. "Bridging the Gap between Investment and Commercial Arbitration at the Enforcement Stage: Regime Interactions between the New York Convention and International Investment Law."NYUJL Bus.12 (2015): 295. Gunzler, Douglas, et al. "Introduction to mediation analysis with structural equation modeling."Shanghai archives of psychiatry25.6 (2013): 390. Hruby, Gregory W., et al. "Characterization of the biomedical query mediation process."AMIA Summits on Translational Science Proceedings2013 (2013): 89. Huang, M. P., and F. H. Kao. "The values-fit based charismatic leadership theory: The mediation process and multilevel analysis."Chinese Journal of Psychology56.2 (2014): 215-235. Paulsson, Marike RP. "The 1958 New York Convention from an Unusual Perspective: Moving Forward by Parting with It."Indian J. Arb. L.5 (2016): 23. Shin, Boo Young, and Jae Hong Kim. "Rheological and mechanical properties of polyamide 6 modified by electron-beam initiated mediation process."Radiation Physics and Chemistry112 (2015): 88-96.

Romanticism - Washington Irving Essays - The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow

Romanticism - Washington Irving Romanticism is a literary and artistic movement of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that placed value on emotion or imagination over reason, on the imagination over society. Some sources say Romanticism started in reaction to neo-classicism, or the Enlightenment. The most important result of romanticism was the emphasis laid upon the supernatural. Some writers during this time period were Mary Shelley with Frankenstein, Edgar Allen Poe with various poems and selections, such as The Raven, The TellTale Heart, and The Pit and The Pendulum. One person who had a great effect on the Romantic era was Washington Irving. Some called Irving the first real American writer. Washington Irving was born April 3, 1783, in New York City. He was the eleventh child of Sarah William Irving. His father was a strict man, a merchant and deacon in the Presbyterian Church. He started school at the age of four, but he never took it seriously. Even when he was older, he did not really care for school. He did not impress any of his teachers as outstanding. It was out of school where his real interests developed. His interests were more into reading books of adventure and travel. He was very good at writing, though. He loved the theater. His fascination with the arts grew and was encouraged by one of her sister's boyfriends (Myers 64). His interests in the arts and in the theater were obvious in his works. Irving did not wish to go to college. Though he had great interests in the theater and the arts, his father expected each of his sons to support himself, so Washington decided to be an apprentice in a law office. His employer was Ogden Hoffman and Irving fell in love with his daughter. He also wrote articles for his brother's paper, the Morning Chronicle. He signed his articles "Jonathon Oldstyle". Later he joined his brother William and his friend Jim Paulding in making a humorous magazine called Salmagundi. In 1809, he published Dreidrich Knickerbocker's History of New York. He later went to Europe in 1815. Many people were very anxious to meet him. From 1815-1832, he lived in England, Dresden, Paris, and Spain. In 1819, he published The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon, which most people see as his greatest work. This book was a collection of essays and stories. Among the stories it included "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow". Both these stories were based on German legends. He is very highly acclaimed for these two children's stories. Irving wrote many good selections. Despite this fact, some say Irving could be seen as a lesser man than his predecessors. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, "He lacked the religious intensity of Mather, the versatility of Franklin, the statesmanship of Jefferson, or the dedication of Paine. Yet he outlives them all in the history of American letters"(649). Others see him as the first real American poet. Everyone saw him as such a great poet because of The SketchBook. Everyone was reading it in that time. It was all the rage. This book established Irving as a talented writer , one whose elegant good taste seemed to come instinctively. While he was making Dreidrich Knickerbocker's History of New York, he was interrupted by the sudden death of Matilda Hoffman, Ogden Hoffman's daughter. It caused him much grief, but after a while, he learned how to live with it. For some years after the success of his book, his life seemed to him more or less aimless. During these years he turned to variety of pursuits. He primed an American edition of Thomas Campbell's poems, edited the Analectic Magazine and acquired a colonelship during the war of 1812.