Digital Technology Into The Learning Process Essay

Academia has been slow to incorporate digital technology into the learning process, and English courses seem to lag behind most other subject areas. Even when trying, College professors are challenged because post-secondary students â€Å"separate into different stratifications†¦ according to their previous academic, social, and professional experiences with computers – experiences that, in turn, are often dependent on age, class, race, and gender† (Bancroft, 2016, p. 47). These stratifications create Rainie’s definition of the digital divide: â€Å"the gap between those who access and use computers and the internet and those who do not† (Bancroft, 2016, p. 47). Many students can access the internet or computers, but there is an additional expectations in collegiate education. Writing centers regularly work with students who cannot confidently or successfully use technology for academic purposes, which becomes a primary barrier to their academic succe ss. Writing centers need to actively attempt to reduce this divide through instruction, application, and adaptation to help struggling students. Recognizing the Divide Literacy with technology takes on additional expectations when considering collegiate academics which creates a digital divide. This digital divide exists in most colleges at multiple levels: Students, faculty, and staff all have different digital experiences. This digital divide exists in most colleges at multiple levels: Students, faculty, and staff have differentShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Technology On Education809 Words   |  4 Pagesthat technology has been able to assert its influence is in the digitization of every perspective of human life. Most of the human activities have adopted a technology; a move normally referred to as digitizing, in their operation. Education has not been left behind. There has been an incorporation of the digital process of learning at all levels of education. The process has a very large influence on the field of education today. Before the introduction of technology in education, learning was beingRead MoreDigital Literacy Is A Continuous Learning Process785 Words   |  4 Pagesmust commit my way of learning to that of a digital native. Technology and its intricacies must become so ingrained in my daily routine that it becomes natural. Digital literacy is a continual learning process. Knowing this, I must be willing to adapt and change my way of teaching from 20th Century skills to 21st Century skills. New Definition of Literacy â€Å"Literacy has expanded from the notions of reading and writing to include the ability to learn and interact with technology in a meaningful way†Read MoreDigital Technology And Its Impact On The Classroom Essay792 Words   |  4 Pagesblogs, podcasts and microblogging will do very little to transform digital writing or learning in general. It s really not the tool or digital space that can transform or enhance learning. It is what is done there and how the tool is used by teachers and students alike. However, as I think the articles captured, when used effectively these digital tools have the potential to develop critical digital literacies. In Wikis as Learning Environments, Forte and Buckman report their findings of using aRead MoreCritical Thinking And Problem Solving Skills1648 Words   |  7 Pagesthinking and problem solving skills have epitomised education throughout history. As time has passed; the education system has become increasingly complex with the integration of learning theories, pedagogies, transformative learning spaces, behavioural management and most importantly; the evolution and role of technology. Learners within the 21st Century are experiencing an education where they are taught to collaboratively communicate and construct new understandings, while acquiring higher orderRead MoreThe Development Of Creative Thinking Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesfast, rapidly evolving technology going forward and the progress requires human attention and concentration, flexible thinking, and quick adaptation to what is happening. The world is constantly in need of interchange of different problems with the hel p of creative approaches. Cathy Davidson, the author of Project Classroom Makeover, provides a significant work on the role of creative thinking and its transformation due to changes in the digital era, as well as the process of forming of the self-Read MoreTechnology Has Changed The Way We Learn Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology has indeed changed the way we learn. I was observing some kids doing their school work and I noticed that all of them had computers, laptops, tablets, or another kind of technology device with them. It made me think back on my elementary, middle, and high school days. I remember growing up without as much technology available as today, so most of the papers were hand written, I had to spend days at the library looking for the right sources, reading newspaper, magazines and books to findRead MoreTechnology Can Not Replace A Poor Teaching974 Words   |  4 Pages Gunter, 2012). Teachers in advantaged areas are better equipped to create differentiat ion success through digital technologies and provide the much needed support for students who suffer from attention deficits, hearing and visual impairments. Access to digital apps and online databases can encourage students to dig deeper through inquiry and investigation and support extended learning especially for gifted students (Woolfolk Margetts, 2013), but also allow students to move through the informationRead MoreDesigning A Technology Plan Based On The School Needs1169 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is ubiquitous in the 21st century, providing students with resources and help them become equipped with skills about the technology innovation; these are essential goals for educational institutions. Also, technology both can enhance effectiveness in administration and instruction (Gà ¼lbahar, 2007). Designing a technology plan based on the school needs becomes a fundamental part of technology leadership. According to Overbay, Mollette, Vasu (2011), â€Å"Good planning m andates that each principalRead MoreSupport A Teaching Paradigm Change By Working Collaboratively With Colleagues780 Words   |  4 Pageswith colleagues to develop authentic learning through integrating technology resources with student interest. Through implementing technology rich interest driven learning opportunities, growing students Digital Literacy competence. Concurrently advocating for building relationships with students while promoting moral and ethical results. In this approach we can generate measurable student growth. Learning Theory: Students are entitled to an authentic learning experience, where the teacher is encouragingRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Digital Literacy1113 Words   |  5 PagesNowadays, Digital literacy helps to understand and analyze information through digital technology. The use of technology plays an important role within the process of teaching and learning; it can be used to teach reading and writing skills by using digital devices such as laptops, iPads, Chromebooks, or desktops. However, within the context of the use of technology in the area of education, and specifically in the area of language, digital literacy would also encompass its application both in development

Congress And The Presidency Essay - 1779 Words

The president is the foreign policy leader for the United States with an important political, military and economic role in the international arena. If there is collision between the president and congress, can congress restrain the president in foreign policy making? The era of globalization has witnessed the growing influence of a number of unconventional international actors, from non-governmental organizations, to multi-national corporations, to global political movements. Traditional, state-centric definitions of foreign policy as the policy of a sovereign state in its interaction with other sovereign states is no longer sufficient. Several alternative definitions are more helpful at highlighting aspects of foreign policy†¦show more content†¦This third and most helpful definition focuses not only on outcome, but also, crucially, on norms and process. Values are essential to the study of foreign policy, and explain why the policies of different states can vary so dramatically. Means are equally important: what a country does can be less significant than how it does it, as recent US actions illustrate. Central to pluralism is the notion that the three branches of government should be separate and distinct, with each acting to check an d balance the others and thus preventing abuse of power. In the United States, the often-tumultuous relationship between especially the legislative and executive branches has been the subject of much scholarship and debate. The Presidency has seen a slow but constant expansion of power since the days of George Washington, culminating in what Schlesinger has called the imperial presidencies of Johnson and Nixon, and continuing today. The official rights and duties of the President as regards foreign policy-making are actually only briefly mentioned in the Constitution, and are rather limited. The President shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur. However, presidents have frequently bypassed the need for congressional approval by enactingShow MoreRelatedGeorge Bush: Congress and 9/111290 Words   |  6 Pageswas about to unravel with the presidency of George W. Bush. A decade filled with controversy, from the election of Bush and well off into the ending of his presidency. The presidency saw significant changes in which the role of the president was to wield power in times of peril. In this time, saw the role of congress diminish, while on contrary expanding the power of the executive. Following the events of September 11th, 2001, which change the setting of the presidency and congressional relationshipRead MoreThe Presidency And Modern Presidency997 Words   |  4 Pagesover time approached developments and final approaches of the legislation, but some were unable to promote their certain provisions that they had. Historical Presidency and Modern Presidency shows how the power of the office has increased over time. In Historical Presidency, there was a â€Å"trick† that was designed to have an energetic presidency lie in avoiding a Napoleon. (The Logic of American Politics, CH. 7, pg. 304). A Napoleon was an ambitious individual who used any type of temporary advantageRead MoreTo What Extent Is the Obama Presidency More Imperilled Than Imperial?1152 Words   |  5 PagesTo what extent is the Obama presidency ‘more imperiled than imperial’? (40) To a fairly large extent, the Obama presidency is more ‘imperiled than imperial’ seems largely true, with Obama suffering from major constraints such as Congress. The theory of the imperiled Presidency suggests that rather than being too powerful, the President does not have enough power to be effective. In contrast, imperial presidency is characterised as when a president has greater power than the constitution allowsRead MorePresidents Of The Great Presidents828 Words   |  4 PagesImperial Presidency is when a president uses more power than the Constitution allows, and were able to avoid the checks and balances of our constitutional system. In this paper, I am going to explore three presidents who many feel were imperial presidents. While doing the research I was surprised how many great presidents had people make a case that they were an imperial president. For example, I read many articles about George Washington and Abraham Lincoln running imperial presidency. AbrahamRead Moreâ€Å"Enlightened Statesmen Will Not Always Be At The Helm.†1463 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical leaders (24). In our current presidential political climate, these words seem more pertinent than ever. There is no question that the powers of the presidency have increased since the founding of the United States, but what are the implications of this for American democracy? Increased presidential powers are taking power away from Congress, undermining the system of checks and balances, and ultimately hurting American democracy. Concentration of power in the executive branch circumvents democraticRead MoreThe Presidency Has Changed Us Equal Opportunity1605 Words   |  7 PagesSamantha Ruiz AP Government and Politics Arban 7 December 2014 The presidency has been the face of American government, and during times of crisis people are more willing to let him take executive action. The founding fathers had a vision for the nation, devoid of tyranny, with a system of checks and balances that would prevent the abuse of power. But at what point does the president become imperial? Some of the most noteworthy presidents have been imperialistic, because they have progressivelyRead MoreWas Obama An Imperial President?. . . . . Emma Hopkins.1650 Words   |  7 Pagessworn in for his second term on January 20, 2013. His last day in office was January 20, 2017. Obama’s presidency was full of many firsts: he is the first sitting president to publicly declare his support for same-sex marriage, †¦ However, Obama’s presidency was not only full of many firsts, but also full of imperious actions and decisions on his part; Obama’s presidency was an imperial presidency. An imperial president is one who is uncontr ollable and has exceeded the limits set by the constitutionRead MoreThe President of the United States938 Words   |  4 Pages an emperor, or especially a King were out of the question for many of the founders, and so the executive office of president was created, to hold great power, yet still be readily accountable to the people through election, and in check by both Congress and the Supreme Court (Bissette Pitney, 2012, p. 423). Early presidents faced tough situations which called for tough decisions, such as what George Washington faced with the Whiskey Rebellion, or Thomas Jefferson with the Barbary Pirates. At theRead MorePresident Truman And Lyndon B. Johnson1605 Words   |  7 Pagespresident, but stepped in the finish the term of the elected presidents who had died in office, FDR and John F. Kennedy, respectively. The successes of Presidents Truman and Johnson in their first 100 days stem from catering to Congress, having had experience in Congress, leadership skills a nd additionally by having public support or high approval ratings. When a president is first elected it is to their advantage to make full use of the opportunities that they have been afforded. â€Å"A president’sRead MoreTheodore Roosevelt : The Hero Of The Spanish American War1028 Words   |  5 Pagesways to Jackson. Roosevelt believed in a very strong executive and said, â€Å"The executive power was limited only by specific restrictions and prohibitions appearing in the Constitution or imposed by the Congress under its Constitutional powers.† (Roosevelt, p197). One of the great powers of the presidency not in the Constitution is the power to influence the American people, and Roosevelt used this in order to help pass the Hepburn Act of 1906. The Hepburn Act was an effort by Theodore Roosevelt to increase

Dispute Resolution and Arbitration in Oil Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Dispute Resolution and Arbitration in Oil. Answer: Introduction: Mediation is a better ways of solving disputes rather that making use of the courts and the judges. Mediation is time saving when compared to litigation. The process of litigation is quick and settles down to a mutual agreement[2] to the dispute which is accepted by both the parties. The mediator is a person who is the middleman in the dispute between the two parties. The mediator helps the parties to a dispute to benefit from each others private as well as confidential manners. This process starting from the application[3] for mediation till the settlement of the dispute does not take long time like litigation that involves a lot of legal issues which generally take time in the court to resolve the issues. If the parties to a dispute want quick resolution for their dispute, they should choose mediation process. Mediation process is where the cost is saved; the price for mediation service is lower since the time taken for the settlement of the dispute is also shorter. Some of the mediation services are free of charge especially in the Malaysian Mediation Centre. In a mediation process the parties reach to a settlement point in which they are satisfied. With the mediation facilitation[4] the parties to the dispute shall raise their problems concerning their benefits to the dispute in relation to each other. The resolution to the dispute will be concluded with the compromise and the with the fact that the settlement is agreed by both the parties to dispute. Mediation process focuses on the mending the broken relationship between the parties to dispute[5]. The result or the dispute settled under mediation give a win-win situation to both the parties. This is due to the agreement is made to be settled through compromise made by both the parties rather than having a judgment made by a judge which is only one sided. Unlike litigation where there is involvement of close related parties[6] like family members and relatives or the employer and the employee, the party which loses will draw a clear lie with the winning party, such things dont happen in mediation. Parties to a dispute and their counsel often avoid mediation process only because the result of the dispute is neither final nor binding. There is always a tension that an agreement that is mediated will not be enforceable by law just like the courts judgments and arbitration awards are. Yet, mediated agreements have an advantage in comparison to the judgments of the court and the arbitration awards because these mediated agreements are regarded as the agreement that are mutually understood by both the parties. Thus, the parties to a dispute can consider mediation to give effect to or meet the needs of both the parties. The result of the mediation is agreed and signed[7] by the parties at the end of the mediation session, which makes it enforceable in relation to the settlement of the agreement. Commercial mediation is considered as a private[8] and confidential dispute solving procedure in which an independent party and third party who is neutral that is the mediator, who helps the parties to solve dispute through a mutually acceptable negotiable[9] agreement. This process involves briefing of the mediator before the mediation which takes not more than one day. The mediation is attended by a decision maker for both the parties to dispute along with their legal advisors as well as experts or the insurer if there are any. Mediation process are voluntary process and gives scope to the parties to withdraw themselves from it at any point they want to. However, if a settlement is made it will be legally binding. It is believed that mediation should be regarded as the first option of resolving dispute. It is also believed that in most of the cases related to mediation can be deployed suitably. There are two obvious ways where the interference of the court may be needed, one is when the precedents arises determining the future needs or when the party needs urgent relief from the court. In such situations mediation is not advisable. In various mediated agreements a clause is included that states how such difficulties[10] as well any dispute related to the future shall be resolved. There is always scope for unforeseen problems that can come up while solving dispute. Mediation is used in law for the alternate dispute resolution. Mediation laws refer to a form of the alternative[11] dispute resolutionwhere the parties to dispute get a third party who is neutral, and helps in settlement of dispute. The purpose of mediation process is to avoid the time and expense which is caused in litigation[12]. Unlike the other forms of alternate dispute resolution mediation may not be binding on the parties. The role of the mediator is not to reach to a decision but to help the parties to dispute to reach to a decision that will be accepted by both the parties. There is usually no guarantee that mediation process will give effect to any settlement agreement in relation to solving the cases. Sometime mediation may be waste of time but still parties opt for mediation this is only because, when mediation is successful it saves a lot of money. For instance, taking a personal case of injury for trial can cost approx $100,000 or even more. But on the other hand, parties to dispute can pay the mediator some dollars and there are high chances that the case may get resolved by the end of the day. People who have been facing litigation prospects often consider that if their case is appropriate for mediation process. Nearly, all type of cases can be mediated but the best type of cases that should be considered for mediation is those who need to find an agreement of their own. If the parties involved can reach to a settlement on their own they need not involve a mediator. The most difficult issue that arises that during mediation is that whether the clause of mediation creates any enforceable obligations. This issue has made impact on the other related issues and rights. There are two decisions made by the Ontario Court of Appeal in which the court had arrived at a conflicting decision if the mediation clause can create any enforceable obligation. The English Court of Appeal considered this issue in the case, Sulmerica CIA Nacional de Seugros S.A. v Enesa Enharia S.A[13]. Mediation is considered to be a consensual process which requires no agreement for the process. It this is so then it makes it difficult to observe the certainty of the process that is essential element for its validity. In the English Court of Appeal it has been applied that the details of the mediation processes the certainty in relation to the requirements that are found in the law of contract that are related to the making of the contract. If in any case the party does not want to mediate it can state the position as soon as possible and therefore the mediation process can be done at the end. In the case, L-3 Communication Spar Aerospace Limited v CAE Inc[14], the court of appeal held that an obligation which is enforceable for mediation process has been pointed out in this case in relation to the cause of action which did not accrue and the limitation period did not start till the mediation process is held to be over. However, when it is least possible to get a settlement the parties opt for mediation in order to give effect to the settlement of dispute. Most common issues that are referred in mediation process are of breach of contract, injury cases in relation to torts, wrongful terminations of claims, family law matters and many more. Case like criminal charges, bankruptcy, deportation, immigration matters, appeals in relation to disability and any other cases in relation to government prosecution are not included in mediation process. Even cases like active dispute such as estate planning matters or real estate matters will not process under the mediation process. Arbitration is a type of dispute resolution process. It is considered as a private, judicial determination of dispute monitored by an independent third party. An arbitration hearing involves the use of an arbitrator or a tribunal. The tribunal consists of various of arbitrators though certain legal systems insist to avoid ties. The parties to dispute hand over the power to decide their problem to the arbitrators. Arbitration is an alternative to the courts settlement process it is final and binding to the parties. Although mediation and arbitration are similar and have the same mindset that is to solve dispute and give relief to both the parties. Yet they have major differences which the parties should understand before only. The most important difference between arbitration and mediation is that in an arbitration proceeding the arbitrator hears the proof of the both the parties before making his or her decision. Arbitration proceedings are similar to the proceedings of the court only thing is that arbitration proceedings are less formal. Whereas in mediation the process to solve dispute is based on negotiation with the help of a neutral third party. This neutral third party does not reach a conclusion but it helps the parties to decide upon a settlement. Mediators do not issue orders[15] or find fault rather they help the parties to the dispute to reach to a settlement with the help of communication[16]. Mediation process may vary with respect to the parties. Often the mediators meet the part ies to dispute separately. The mediators discuss the dispute with the parties and explore the ways to solve the dispute with each party. The main focus remains towards the parties to solve the dispute. Most of the disputes are solved successfully and often the parties will then enter into a written agreement where the settlement is made. Most of the people are satisfied with the decision of the mediation process than with the decisions made in the arbitration proceedings or the courts process. Arbitration proceedings are generally more formal than the mediation. An arbitrator can be a retired judge or a senior lawyer or a professional like an accountant or an engineer. During arbitration proceeding both the parties are given opportunity to their cases to the arbitrator. In a regular court proceeding[17] lawyers can also question the witness from both the parties. In arbitration there are very few out of court settlement between the parties. The arbitrator has the power to render any decision that is legally binding by both the parties and they must honor it and the award shall be enforceable in the courts. The scope of New York and Panama Conventions[18] and their application is highlighted under this. One of the primary means to enforce the international arbitration agreement is the New York Convention and their awards are made in the United States. The application of the arbitral awards are made in relation to the territory of the State other than those States where the recognition and enforcement of these awards are sorted and the arbitral awards are considered non-domestic which means that they are not considered as domestic awards in the State where their recognition and enforcement are made. Although the New York Convention does not define the term non-domestic awards. An agreement or an award that arise from the legal relationship whether it may be contractual or not it is not considered to be commercial it includes transactions, contracts or even agreements that are described under section 2 of this Convention. This is totally between the people of the United States and may not fall under the criteria of the Convention unless the relationship includes the property that that is located abroad or the enforcement has any other relation with one or more foreign states. For such purpose of this section corporations are considered as the citizens of the United States if they are incorporated or have the principle in the place of business in the United States. However, the ratification of the New York Convention[19], the scope of the convention was limited by the United States otherwise broad application of it would have been applied by the people that would elect the commercial reservation and the reciprocity reservation, which limit the application to commercial disputes and restrict its ambit to enforce the arbitration[20] agreements with the countries who are a part of it. Currently, 135 and may more countries have ratified the New York Convention. The Panama Convention[21] provides the jurisdiction for recognizing and enforcing the arbitration agreements and awards in the international commercial transactions between the individual of the member countries of the organizing states. Like the New York Convention, the Panama Convention is executed by the United States only applies to the arbitration agreements in respect to the commercial transactions and it also limits the enforcement of arbitration agreements with the countries who are a part of it. The Panama Convention does not define the commercial the courts in this country have applied by the United States Supreme Courts broad definition of commerce. There are times when it is expected that both the Ney York and the Panama Convention may be applied to the arbitral awards. When such situation arises then the Panama Convention states that, if most of the people of the parties to arbitration agreement are the people of a States that have been ratified to the Panama Convention and are the members of the conventions, the Panama Convention applies to such acts. But in other cases the New York convention applies. In the theory of enforcing the arbitration awards through the New York and Panama Convention is very straight. Any such case that comes under the convention is within the jurisdiction of the United States District Courts. The conformation of these awards must be made within three years of the award being issued. In the case, Karaha Bodas Co. LLC v Peruasahaan Pertambangan Minyak Dan Gas Bumi Nagara[22], a company needs enforcement of a Swiss arbitral award against the Indonesian government owned company issues in Switzerland to peruse the Swiss procedural laws. The Indonesian company successfully petitioned an Indonesian court to annul the award and then asserted the annulment as a defense to enforce the award under the New York Convention. Bibliography: Sulamerica CIA Nacional de Seguros S.A. v Enesa Engenharia S.A. [2012] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 671 L-3 Communication Spar Aerospace Limited v CAE Inc 2011 ONCA 435 (CanLII). Karaha Bodas Co. v. PERTAMBANGAN, 190 F. Supp. 2d 936 (S.D. Tex. 2001) Brown, Gina Viola, and Andrea Kupfer Schneider. "Gender differences in dispute resolution practice: Report on the ABA section of dispute resolution practice snapshot survey." (2014). Carter, Alexandra, and Shawn Watts. "The Role of Language Interpretation in Providing a Quality Mediation Process." (2016). Christie, David S. "The elephant in the dispute resolution room: problems with the definition of arbitration in Scots law." (2016). Cordes, Michael. "Workplace mediation process undergoing trial: the subtropical scene." (2016). Hayes, Andrew F.Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press, 2013. Lamm, Carolyn B., and Frank Spoorenberg. "The Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards Under the New York Convention: Recent Developments." (2014). Meyer, Karin.Developing guidelines for professionals to facilitate the best interests of the child during the divorce mediation process. Diss. North-West University (South Africa), Potchefstroom Campus, 2015. Moore, Christopher W.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons, 2014. Moore, Christopher W.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons, 2014. Smith, Amy L., and David R. Smock. "Managing a mediation process." (2016). Del Duca, Louis, and Nancy Welsh. "Enforcement of Foreign Arbitration Agreements and Awards: Application of the New York Convention in the United States."American Journal of Comparative Law62.1 (2014): 69-95. Fellas, John, Hagit Elul, and Apoorva Patel. "International Arbitration in New York: A Practical Perspective."Indian J. Arb. L.5 (2016): 222. Ferrari, Franco, and Friedrich Rosenfeld. "Bridging the Gap between Investment and Commercial Arbitration at the Enforcement Stage: Regime Interactions between the New York Convention and International Investment Law."NYUJL Bus.12 (2015): 295. Gunzler, Douglas, et al. "Introduction to mediation analysis with structural equation modeling."Shanghai archives of psychiatry25.6 (2013): 390. Hruby, Gregory W., et al. "Characterization of the biomedical query mediation process."AMIA Summits on Translational Science Proceedings2013 (2013): 89. Huang, M. P., and F. H. Kao. "The values-fit based charismatic leadership theory: The mediation process and multilevel analysis."Chinese Journal of Psychology56.2 (2014): 215-235. Paulsson, Marike RP. "The 1958 New York Convention from an Unusual Perspective: Moving Forward by Parting with It."Indian J. Arb. L.5 (2016): 23. Shin, Boo Young, and Jae Hong Kim. "Rheological and mechanical properties of polyamide 6 modified by electron-beam initiated mediation process."Radiation Physics and Chemistry112 (2015): 88-96.

Romanticism - Washington Irving Essays - The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow

Romanticism - Washington Irving Romanticism is a literary and artistic movement of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that placed value on emotion or imagination over reason, on the imagination over society. Some sources say Romanticism started in reaction to neo-classicism, or the Enlightenment. The most important result of romanticism was the emphasis laid upon the supernatural. Some writers during this time period were Mary Shelley with Frankenstein, Edgar Allen Poe with various poems and selections, such as The Raven, The TellTale Heart, and The Pit and The Pendulum. One person who had a great effect on the Romantic era was Washington Irving. Some called Irving the first real American writer. Washington Irving was born April 3, 1783, in New York City. He was the eleventh child of Sarah William Irving. His father was a strict man, a merchant and deacon in the Presbyterian Church. He started school at the age of four, but he never took it seriously. Even when he was older, he did not really care for school. He did not impress any of his teachers as outstanding. It was out of school where his real interests developed. His interests were more into reading books of adventure and travel. He was very good at writing, though. He loved the theater. His fascination with the arts grew and was encouraged by one of her sister's boyfriends (Myers 64). His interests in the arts and in the theater were obvious in his works. Irving did not wish to go to college. Though he had great interests in the theater and the arts, his father expected each of his sons to support himself, so Washington decided to be an apprentice in a law office. His employer was Ogden Hoffman and Irving fell in love with his daughter. He also wrote articles for his brother's paper, the Morning Chronicle. He signed his articles "Jonathon Oldstyle". Later he joined his brother William and his friend Jim Paulding in making a humorous magazine called Salmagundi. In 1809, he published Dreidrich Knickerbocker's History of New York. He later went to Europe in 1815. Many people were very anxious to meet him. From 1815-1832, he lived in England, Dresden, Paris, and Spain. In 1819, he published The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon, which most people see as his greatest work. This book was a collection of essays and stories. Among the stories it included "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow". Both these stories were based on German legends. He is very highly acclaimed for these two children's stories. Irving wrote many good selections. Despite this fact, some say Irving could be seen as a lesser man than his predecessors. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, "He lacked the religious intensity of Mather, the versatility of Franklin, the statesmanship of Jefferson, or the dedication of Paine. Yet he outlives them all in the history of American letters"(649). Others see him as the first real American poet. Everyone saw him as such a great poet because of The SketchBook. Everyone was reading it in that time. It was all the rage. This book established Irving as a talented writer , one whose elegant good taste seemed to come instinctively. While he was making Dreidrich Knickerbocker's History of New York, he was interrupted by the sudden death of Matilda Hoffman, Ogden Hoffman's daughter. It caused him much grief, but after a while, he learned how to live with it. For some years after the success of his book, his life seemed to him more or less aimless. During these years he turned to variety of pursuits. He primed an American edition of Thomas Campbell's poems, edited the Analectic Magazine and acquired a colonelship during the war of 1812.

Psycho Essays (391 words) - English-language Films, Psycho

Psycho Ryan McLeod Comp Lit 271 Psycho Response Section AD Being the props/set designer for the parlor scene in Psycho was a very intriguing task. Originally, boring old Hitchcock wanted to put some stuffed birds in the Norman's parlor, but lucky for me, and the film, he was sick that day. I liked the idea of Bates being a taxidermist in his spare time, but I wanted to elaborate on that idea a bit more. Instead of putting just birds in the parlor, I decided to put pictures of embalmed bodies on the wall, stuffed ape heads, along with some feministic interior decorations. The reason for the photos of embalmed bodies is to give not only Marion a creepy feeling of what Norman is all about, but also the audience. We learn later in the film that he has embalmed his mother in the house so I thought that some pictures of acts such as this would be appropriate, especially for foreshadowing. The stuffed ape heads is my favorite idea of mine over Hitchcock's dumb birds idea because an ape head looks very similar to a human head. Again, this would give the scene a very creepy feeling and offer to the audience that Norman Bates is not your average Joe. Anyone who would participate, or maybe practice stuffing heads of apes that look similar to a human head shows to the audience that they are unusual and seem to enjoy to preserve creatures, or mothers for that matter. Overall, to make the scene much more interesting, I decorated the room with flowered wall paper, baskets filled with potpourri, and other little ?womanish? things such as flowers and antique plates and spoons. Ultimately, Bates put these things in the parlor while he was in his mother's state of mind, but the important thing is, is that the audience does not know he has two personalities and therefore would wonder why this man has stuffed ape heads, pictures of embalmed dead bodies that are curiously surrounded with ?Old Woman?-type wallpaper and decorations. Hitchcock was on to something with the birds idea, but I feel that my additions to mise-en-scene revolving arou nd the parlor scene fit the image of Norman Bates more accurately and will ultimately make the film more interesting and the foreshadowing will be that much better to the audience. Movies and Television

sustained development essays

sustained development essays The term sustained development was used first time in 1983, when United Nations made a special report titled Our future. The idea of this development is rather simple and clear is has to support a better quality of everyones life, today and for generations to come. The definition is following: sustained development is development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It sounds very nice, but it is not so easy to achieve four objectives have to be met at one time: a.) social progress which recognizes the needs of everyone it means that all people should gain the benefits of increasing prosperity, and environment which should be safe, clean, without pollution. b.) effective protection of the environment people should do everything what is possible to eliminate the pollution, climate change, in order to protect human health, wildlife, landscapes, historic buildings. c.) prudent use of natural resources people make to be sure, that they use non-renewable resources (like oil, gas) in efficient way and also that alternative sources of energy are developed to replace them when it will be indispensable. d.) maintance of high and stable levels of economic growth and unemployment everyone would be able to share in high standards of living, greater job opportunities. It means, that world needs high quality goods and services that consumer are able to pay for. To obtain this plan it is necessary to have workforce that is good educated and skilled. It also means, that world needs investors and infrastructure to support them., Sustained development is essential in todays world. The need for development is as great as ever, and it will pay back in the future. Nowadays there are many people whose income is less than 1 $Us a day, uncoun ...

The Olive Tree Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Olive Tree Case Study - Essay Example This is a good aspect for its business position (Porter, 2008). The initial costs that include  £143,000 for annual rent,  £445,000 for turning the bank into a restaurant, and a bank loan of  £335,000 have not been covered especially considering that only sales amounting to  £588,498 were realized in the entire trading period. Nevertheless, without considering all the costs of establishing the restaurant, a net loss amounting to  £76,602 is recorded, further strengthening that the restaurant is yet to make profits. This paper focuses on the Olive Tree Restaurant Case Study. The paper presents an analysis of its performance that give way to meaningful recommendations based on the business performance indicators. In this regard, the analysis is based on an interview conducted with Angelo, the restaurant owner, as the respondent. Some data on the restaurants progress in terms of sales, costs, rent, rates, fuel, wages, and other operating costs were collected. Analysis was done on this data in order to confirm the responses provided though the interview. The Olive Tree Restaurant boasts of a number of strengths although, like any other business, there are various weaknesses associated with its operations. The major strength is its ability to recording large sales amounting to almost  £600,000 (588,498 to be exact) within the first trading period. i. Loyal Customers: With regard to this strength, the restaurant management ensures that customer are warmly welcomed after entering the restaurant thus encouraging them to remain loyal to the business (McQuarrie, 2006). This aspect specifically generates the feeling of being special, appreciated and honoured by being a customer to the restaurant. In return, a customer is likely to feel important to seek the restaurant services a second time or even become a loyal customer (Chamberlain, 2010). ii. Effective restaurant operations: This strength is

Civil management is an important aspect in the success of organization Essay

Civil management is an important aspect in the success of organization - Essay Example It is in this regard that this paper is written. Management of organization is becoming an increasingly daunting task in the contemporary times, this is due to the ever advancing business world and business technology leading to ambiguity, uncertainty and complexities of organization. Effective internal management of an organization demands that people and facilities in the organization are managed well. This introduces the concept of organizational behavior which involves how people within the organization react to changes, decisions and practices of management by managers. It is also important to have human skills in order to incorporate the views of other people and manage them well; this will also ensure that the people work towards a common goal within the organization (Pitsis, Clegg & Kornberger, 2011, p 29). Therefore, critical management is determined to harmonize the workplace, through ensuring that the employees and facilities are managed well and working conditions improve d. In order to ascertain this, managers need to rely on management theory and practice in order to deal with the uncertainties of organizations. These management theories and practices deal with construction of models based on observations, to try and manage business activities (Carr, 2000, pp. 210). In addition, the practices of management also deals real life experiences of the manager within an organization. This paper therefore seeks to critically evaluate the impact of uncertainty on how the organization is managed through culture leadership, structure, control, and empowerment. Additionally, the paper will demonstrate a critical understanding of management practice and theory, ability to identify and evaluate vital assumptions in the ideology of management, and analyze and evaluate organization and management theory and appraise the application of management theory in organizational contemporary contexts. Uncertainties of organization Organizations are faced majorly by uncerta inty challenges; this impact on their production and performance levels. Uncertainty as an element in managing organizations involves risks and unpredictability of the organization’s future events. This may include surprises in employee performance which could either lead to losses or profits within the organization (Renn, Klinke & Asselt, 2011, pp. 3). As a newly recruited manager assigned the duty of dealing with uncertainty, ambiguity, and complexity situations, one is expected to identify and evaluate the key assumptions of management ideology and apply the management and organization theory in handling the concerns in the contemporary context. A junior manager is expected to use the â€Å"box paradox†, in order to come up with new management strategies that will ensure organizational growth and retain the identity and founding values of the organization (Clampitt & Williams 1999, p 6). The junior manager will have to â€Å"think outside the box† and acknowl edge the constraints of the â€Å"organizational box† in order to achieve growth and development of the organization and handle the complexity, ambiguity and uncertainty prevailing in the organizatio

Nietzxche, Friedrich. On the use and abuse of History for Life Essay

Nietzxche, Friedrich. On the use and abuse of History for Life - Essay Example He was the vizier of the fourth dynasty during the reign of pharaoh Sneferu. Therefore, the writings are assumed to have been written between 2613-2589 B.C. The ancient writers did not specifically put the date of writing of the teachings but they gave the period and the king who reigned at that time. This information is used to determine age and time of the writing. The writing is categorized as wise sayings because they were written to guide the Pharaoh’s children on how they were to live and rule. According to the Egyptians, the writings are teachings which guide them in their daily ventures. The writing of these teachings took place in the Pharaoh’s palace, where their children were being taught. 2. †¦of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it; for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. The title in which the above quote falls is creation, though others may group it as commandment. It can be argued to be creation sin ce it comes after Man and Woman have been created. On the other hand, it is said to be a commandment since it is an instruction to the created being on what they should and should not do. The commandment has more weight since it has punishment onto it that if they do not follow they will surely die. It was later found out that disregard of the instruction led to punishment and expulsion out of the garden. Thus, the quote is a command given to Adam and Eve by God in the Garden of Eden after they were created. The quote is found in the Bible, the book of Genesis chapter 2 versus seventeen. The writings were written years later by Moses despite the occurrence of the event in 4004 B.C when creation is believed to have taken place. Moses wrote the book of Genesis and grouped it with four others, naming it the book of Torah. The quote offers teaching to the believers on obedience and signifies the belief in one God to give them orders. The quote is religious due to its nature of involving beings and Supernatural forces. Moses wrote the book while in the desert with the Israelites as they were moving from Egypt into the Promised Land. 3. God created man in his own image, in the image of God created He him; male and female created He them. The quote above is extracted from creation. It justifies the existence of man as not from the natural causes but thoughtfully designed into existence by a Supernatural being. The book was written by Moses while in the desert with his fellow Israelites after running from Egypt, where they had served as slaves. The quote was used by Moses to remind the Israelites that they were created. It is extracted from the books of Moses known as the Torah, specifically the book of Genesis. The Quote was Jewish and is also used in the Christian context among those who believe in creation. The quote was said in the Garden of Eden, where the Bible states to have been the place where God began the creation. The event, therefore, occurred in 4004 B.C , the period in which it is believed the creation took place. It is found in the Bible, from the book of Genesis chapter one versus twenty seven (Genesis 1:27). The quote explains the work carried out in the sixth day of creation to crown the work that took a week; work that made the whole world. It denotes end of the creation act which was creating man. It denoted the end of the creation. The quote is categorized as religious, appreciating the existence of

Botanical Garden Importance Essay

Botanical Garden Importance Essay The topic for this essay is the role of botanical gardens in plant conservation. The essay will be divided into four main parts. The first part discuss about the botanical garden. This part will include the introduction, history and development, network and function of botanical garden. Second part will explain the importance of plant conservation and the global strategy for plant conservation. The third part is the role of botanical garden in plant conservation. The fourth part will be the example of botanical garden in Malaysia and its roles in plant conservation. The last part will be the conclusion of the essay. 2.0 Botanical Gardens 2.1 Introduction Botanical gardens or botanic gardens are generally well-tended parks displaying a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names. They may contain specialist plant collections such as cacti and succulent plants, herb gardens, plants from particular parts of the world, and so on; there may be greenhouses, again with special collections such as tropical plants, alpine plants or other exotic plants. Botanical gardens are often run by universities or other scientific research organizations and often have associated herbaria and research programmes in plant taxonomy or some other aspect of botanical science. In principle their role is to maintain documented collections of living plants for the purposes of scientific research, conservation, display and education, although this will depend on the resources available and the special interests pursued at each particular garden. 2.2 History and Development The origin of modern botanical gardens can be traced to European medieval medicinal gardens known as physic gardens, the first of these being founded during the Italian Renaissance in the 16th century. This early concern with medicinal plants changed in the 17th century to an interest in the new plant imports from explorations outside Europe as botany gradually established its independence from medicine. In the 18th century systems of nomenclature and classification were devised by botanists working in the herbaria and universities associated with the gardens, these systems often being displayed in the gardens as educational order beds. With the rapid rise of European imperialism in the late 18th century botanic gardens were established in the tropics and economic botany became a focus with the hub at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, near London. Over the years botanical gardens, as cultural and scientific organisations, have responded to the interests of botany and horticulture. Nowadays most botanical gardens display a mix of the themes mentioned and more: having a strong connection with the general public there is the opportunity to provide visitors with information relating to the environmental issues being faced at the start of the 21st century, especially those relating to plant conservation and sustainability. 2.3 Network Worldwide there are now about 1800 botanical gardens and arboreta in about 150 countries (mostly in temperate regions) of which about 400 are in Europe, 200 in North America, 150 in Russia and an increasing number in East Asia. These gardens attract about 150 million visitors a year so it is hardly surprising that many people gained their first exciting introduction to the wonders of the plant world in a botanical garden. Historically, botanical gardens exchanged plants through the publication of seed lists. This was a means of transferring both plants and information between botanical gardens. This system continues today although the possibility of genetic piracy and the transmission of invasive species have received greater attention in recent times. The International Association of Botanic Gardens was formed in 1954 as a worldwide organisation affiliated to the International Union of Biological Sciences. More recently coordination has also been provided by Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) which has the mission To mobilise botanic gardens and engage partners in securing plant diversity for the well-being of people and the planet. BGCI has over 700 members- mostly botanic gardens- in 118 countries and strongly supports the Global strategy for plant conservation by producing a range resources and publications, and by organizing international conferences and conservation programs. Communication also happens regionally. In the United States there is the American Public Gardens Association and in Australasia there is the Botanic Gardens of Australia and New Zealand (BGANZ). 2.4 Role and Function Botanic gardens have had a changing role throughout history, beginning often as medicinal gardens for the study and cultivation of plants with healing properties and going through many phases including of course as pleasure gardens. But the fact that their collections are more or less scientific means they are continually adapting and serving the needs of their societies in evolving ways as new challenges face those societies. In current times, they are becoming key players in both the conservation of plants and in the education of the people who come to see them. They are also starting to play a role in the mitigation of the effects of climate change, and could be absolutely vital to the survival of the planet as they are perfectly placed to help move species around and help ecosystems to adapt to new climates in different regions. 3.0 Plant conservation 3.1 Importance Plants are universally recognized as a vital part of the worlds biological diversity and an essential resource for the planet. In addition to the small number of crop plants used for basic food and fibres, many thousands of wild plants have great economic and cultural importance and potential, providing food, medicine, fuel, clothing and shelter for vast numbers of people throughout the world. Plants also play a key role in maintaining the planets basic environmental balance and ecosystem stability, and provide an important component to the habitats for the worlds animal life. At present we do not have a complete inventory of the plants of the world, but it is estimated that the total number may be in the order of 300,000 species. Many of these species are in danger of extinction, threatened by habitat transformation, over-exploitation, alien invasive species, pollution and climate change. The disappearance of such vital and large amounts of biodiversity poses one of the greatest challenges for the world community: to halt the destruction of the plant diversity that is so essential to meet the present and future needs of humankind. Plant conservation, long the poor relation of the conservation world, has started to come into its own since the rise of conservation biology as a recognized discipline in the 1980s. Plant conservation, and the heritage value of exceptional historic landscapes, was treated with a growing sense of urgency. Specialist gardens were sometimes given a separate or adjoining site, to display native and indigenous plants. 3.2 Off-site plant conservation Off-site conservation is the conservation of plants away from their areas of natural occurrence. The term ex situ is frequently used to describe the off-site conservation. Off-site conservation not only include growing the plants in botanic gardens, the concept extends as well to field gene banks, clonal collections, and germ plasma banks where propagating tissues and seeds are preserved for growing in the future. Off-site conservation can involve a range of plant parts-the whole plant, seed, other tissues, or genetic material in culture. Whole, living plants have particular value for conservation and will continue to be a major concern of off-site conservation. But conserving whole plants is not simple. To capture the range of genetic variation, such collections require large number of plants; these are expensive to establish and maintain. If the plants are annuals, they will require seasonal replication. Outside their natural habitat some plants may require hand pollination and special treatment of fruit and seeds to ensure germination. It is fortunate that improving technology is making storage as seeds, seedlings, rhizomes, tissues in culture, and even DNA an option for many plants. 3.3 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation The entry point for the strategy is plant conservation; other aspects such as sustainable use, benefit-sharing and capacity building are also included. The Strategy provides an innovative framework for actions at global, regional, national and local levels. The strategy is supported by a wide range of organizations and institutions governments, intergovernmental organizations, conservation and research organizations (such as protected-area management boards, botanic gardens, and gene banks), universities, research institutes, nongovernmental organizations and their networks, and the private sector. The most innovative element of the Strategy is the inclusion of 16 outcome-orientated targets, aimed at achieving a series of measurable goals by 2010. 3.3.1 Objectives The ultimate and long-term objective of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation is to halt the current and continuing loss of plant diversity. The Strategy will provide framework to facilitate harmony between existing initiatives aimed at plant conservation, to identify gaps where new initiatives are required, and to promote mobilization of the necessary resources. The Strategy will be a tool to enhance the ecosystem approach to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and focus on the vital role of plants in the structure and functioning of ecological system and assure provision of the goods and services such systems provide. 4.0 Role of Botanical Gardens in Plant Conservation Botanic gardens have collectively accumulated centuries of resources and expertise that now means they play a key role in plant conservation. Many of these activities contribute to ex situHYPERLINK http://www.bgci.org/ourwork/ex_situ/ conservation, but botanic gardens also play an important role in in situHYPERLINK http://www.bgci.org/ourwork/Ecosystems/ conservation Horticulture and cultivation skills allow us to grow plants that might be lost in nature, which means their plants diversity can be conserved in the gardens, but also allows us to consider restoration and rehabilitation of degraded habitats. Living collections of plants collect species under various groupings, to maintain a living store of genetic diversity that can support many activities in conservation and research. Seed banks and collections of living plants allow species to be safeguarded. Plants must be carefully collected stored to ensure maximum genetic diversity is retained, and much research is required to determine the best way of storing each species. This is the conservation of plant diversity in situ, and botanic gardens are key to this strategys capacity and success.. Research and development into plant taxonomy and genetics, phytochemistry, useful properties, informing selection of plants that can withstand degraded and changing environments (especially important in face of the threats posed by climate change). Education is a strength of botanic gardens that allows them to communicate the importance of conserving plants, reaching out to diverse audiences, and also to communicate how this may be achieved. Linking plants with the well-being of people, and also helping conserve indigenous and local knowledge, to encourage the sustainable use of plant resources for the benefit of all, as part of sustainable development. The conservation of plant diversity is critical for sustainable development and botanic gardens are playing a key role as centres of conservation action. Gardens maintain a wide range of species as living plants, in seed banks and tissue culture; according to estimation of BGCI, there are probably over 80,000 species in cultivation in botanic gardens of the current estimate of 270,000 known plant species in the world. Botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific purposes and display; they can be: Taxonomically-based collections of a particular family, genus or group of cultivars; Collections of native plants; Plants which share a common geographical or ecological origin such as Mediterranean, desert or alpine; Wild relatives or cultivars of useful species such as medicinal, aromatic or textile plants; Shared habit or life form such as an orchard, arboretum or succulent collection. Botanic gardens also have important conservation collections particularly of rare and threatened plants. According to the IUCN Red List of threatened plants 34,000 taxa are considered globally threatened with extinction. Currently, over 10,000 threatened species, approximately a third, are in botanic garden cultivation. These plants contribute to species recovery programmes and provide long-term backup collections. Botanic gardens undertake research from plant taxonomy, ecology to breeding systems. With their expertise in horticulture, botanic gardens develop propagation and cultivation methods for plants which have never been in cultivation. All these areas are essential for species recovery programmes and reintroduction of plants into the wild, such as developing techniques to reintroduce the Dragon Trees into the wild. A major cause of biodiversity loss is the over-collection of wild plants for horticulture, medicine and food. Bringing plants into cultivation can take the pressure off the wild populations, and also support livelihoods by generating income and promote trade Botanic gardens also manage protected areas within and outside their garden to promote biodiversity. These ecosystems such as forests, bush land, catchment areas, and coastal areas provide essential services from the generation of water, cycling of nutrients and replenishment of soil fertility and prevention of erosion which are vital to the livelihoods of all people. One of the major causes of species decline is invasive alien species which threaten plants, plant communities and ecosystems. Botanic gardens with their skills in identification and horticulture monitor invasive species and work locally and nationally to restore habitats that are important for diversity. Botanic gardens work with their local communities and visitors on education and environmental conservation programmes which promote environmental awareness and sustainable living. Globally, botanic gardens receive more than 200 million visitors a year. Further, botanic gardens are key institutions working with their governments and other organisations on key policies, national biodiversity strategies and action plans. 5.0 Botanic Garden in Malaysia Rimba Ilmu 5.1 Introduction Rimba Ilmu is a tropical botanical garden, set up in the University of Malaya campus in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is modelled after a rain forest garden concept rather than a formal flower garden. It emphasises the flora of the Malaysian and Indonesian region. Together with the living collections of over 1,600 species, the Rimba Ilmu also houses the University of Malaya herbarium (acronym KLU) and has its own Environmental Education Programme. The Rimba Ilmu is a member of the Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) and the South East Asia Botanic Gardens Network. Rimba Ilmu means The Forest of Knowledge in the Malay language. The garden, established in 1974, occupies an area of 80 hectares. It is partly buffered by old rubber plantings and the living collections, mostly from Malaysia, are one of the most important biological conservatories in Malaysia. There are also plant species from other parts of tropical Asia, the Pacific islands, Australia, South America, Africa and Madagascar. Rimba Ilmus mission is to generate and promote awareness and knowledge of tropical plant life and its environment, ecology and conservation through the development and management of facilities and activities appropriate to its function in a university located within Malaysias most developed and populated landscape. The Herbarium (a reference library of preserved plant specimens) is Malaysias largest university collection containing some 63,000 accessions. In the Garden, there are several main show collections, including medicinal plants, palms, and the citrus and citroid collection. The Conservatory of Rare Plants and Orchids, opened in 2000, and the Fernery, with planting establishments made over several years and commissioned in 2003, are accessible only to special group visits and research contacts, and a new bambusetum (living collection of bamboos) was completed at the end of 2003 and generally accessible to the public. There is also a small research collection of bananas. A highlight in the development of the Rimba Ilmu is the establishment of a special arboretum (living collection of trees) beginning in 2001 as the anchor for our Millenium Forest project, which seeks to engage friends and concerned parties in establishing biologically diverse forest plantings in making a new forest withi n the city of Kuala Lumpur. Besides having a general collection of species from a variety of plant families selected for teaching, Rimba Ilmu is also developing various special collections ranging from those of medicinal plants, wild orchids, palms, pandan, tropical fruit trees, gingers, aquatic plants, wild citrus relatives to rare and endangered plants in need of conservation. 5.2 Role in Plant Conservation Rimba Ilmu is an important repository for many types of plants, including conservation collections of rare and endangered plants, and special collections of the useful plants (such as citruses and starch palms) and their wild relatives. In 2001, two other special collections, bamboos (sponsored by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) and bananas (anchored by one of the universitys research groups in banana cytology), were also begun. Over 2004-5, with the assistance of DHL and involving their employees, a special collection of Malaysian forest trees has also been established. Outside of the Rimba Ilmu, it may be very difficult to observe so many different species of some groups, and the habitats of some of these plants may have already been altered or damaged. Conservation also involves public awareness, and visitors are first treated to a permanent exhibition on Rain Forests when they start to get familiar with the Garden. 6.0 Conclusion Botanical gardens maintain a wide range of species as living plants, in seed banks and tissue culture. Thus, botanic gardens contain collections of plants for education, scientific purposes and display. In conclusion, the botanical garden play an important role as the ex situ conservation for plant and also in situ conservation site. The conservation of plant diversity is critical for sustainable development and botanic gardens are playing a key role as centres of conservation action.

Tested in Every Way Essay -- Christopher Ruddy

Tested in Every Way: the Catholic Priesthood in Today’s Church, written by Christopher Ruddy, is a report and at the same time a reflection on the Seventh Annual Cardinal Bernardin Conference which was held in the Oblate School of Theology in San Antonio, TX in 2003 . Ruddy reports the voices of academic and pastoral expertise sharing about the challenges and the identity of being a priest. Besides of giving a report, the book opens up and finishes with the Ruddy’s insightful reflections. Ruddy opens up with an â€Å"examination of the cultural and ecclesiological contexts of the priesthood in today’s church (13)†. In the first chapter of the book Ruddy mentions three challenges the church and priest are facing today: popular skepticism, erosion of biblical and theological literacy, and the impossibility of a genuine diverse but unified moral and religious community. He states that the rise of skepticism contributes to a hermeneutics of suspicion. That type of hermeneutics lead to a construction of narratives of progress and redemption, but sometimes those narratives are held to twist the reality (19) creating divisions among other groups (20). To face the mentioned challenges, Ruddy says: â€Å"the priest are called to model catholicity in the face of pluralism, defend objective truth against skepticism, and to speak about the obstacles to hope†. Finally, Ruddy mentions that there have been many contextual and demographical changes in society tha t have shaped the identity of the priest, but as John Paul II puts it, â€Å" the priest receives his identity and his ministry from the communion he shares with Christ, his bishop, brother priests, his fellows baptized, and the entire human community (48). In the chapters two, three and four... ... see a priest witnessing what he preaches, and a priest that takes into account the gifts, talents and knowledge of all the member of the community. Bevan’s image of the conductor of an orchestra is what people want to see. In other word a priest as a person that leads the community to work in harmony and through that community work lead people to Christ. Tested in Every Way is a book that needs to be read by priests, seminarians and those who are in training for future ministry. The book opens our mind to a broader perspective of what the priest is today and what is expected of him in the future. I see the book as an invitation to reflect on my own image of the priesthood and at the same time to work toward a vision that embraces me in a community which is sustained by the relationship with God and all the members of the faithful community.

Pollution Allowances Is A Market Based Economy Policy Accounting Essay

Pollution allowance is besides called as emanation rights. This construct is foremost introduced by John Davis in 1968 in the book â€Å" pollution, belongings and monetary value † ( Opschoor, Lohman and Vos, 1994 ) . It refers to the emitters in environmental protection supervising and disposal sections ‘ quota allotment, and in the premiss to guarantee that the rights do non damage the other public environmental rights, shall bask the right to the discharge of pollutants ( Gibson, 1996 ) . In 1968, when the American economic expert Davis foremost proposed this construct, its intension is the authorities as society ‘s representative and the proprietor of the environmental resources sells the right of emanation of pollutants to the highest bidders like securities ( Gibson, 1996 ) . Polluters can purchase this sort of right from the authorities, or from the defilers who have the emanation right. Polluters can besides purchase or reassign the ownership of emanation r ight. 1.2 characteristic of pollution allowances Pollution allowances is a market based economic system policy and economic stimulation method ( Gainesand, 1991 ) . It to the full exerts the market mechanism ‘s function in resource allotment. The features of pollution allowances are chiefly manifested in the undermentioned facets: First, a pollution allowance is an economic policy and economic stimulation method. The United Nations economic organisations and development liberty council in 1991 January proposed â€Å" proposal of utilizing economic agencies in environmental policy † and suggested members more extensively and steadfastly to follow economic steps, as other policies means complement or replacing ( Aggie, 1995 ) . This proposal put frontward four types of economic methods for mention: the first is the fees and a revenue enhancement, the 2nd is a tradable license ; the 3rd is sedimentation system ; the 4th is fiscal subsidies ( OECD, 1998 ) . From the proposal can see pollution allowance is a sort of economic methods to protect the environment. In 1992 The United Nations conference on environment and development passed the Rio declaration, the rule 16 points out â€Å" sing defilers shall bear the cost of pollution in rule point of view, national governments should do more attempts to advanc e the internalisation of environment cost and use of economic agencies, and proper attention of public involvement, and do non falsify international trade and investing. † The meeting passed the docket 21, in which chapter 8 stresses â€Å" need to do appropriate attempts, more efficient and more extended usage of economic agencies † ; â€Å" Governments should see roll uping agencies of economic system and the market mechanism to set up the effectual combination of economic agencies†¦ , direct control method and the voluntary agencies ( Lehman, 1996 ) . This symbolizes that pollution allowance is wholly different from other environmental economic policies. Second, pollution allowance is a market-based pollution control manner. U.S. federal legislative acts provides a sort of â€Å" market control † manner to utilize market mechanism to forestall pollution and waste decrease marks ( Milne, 1996 ) . The cost of pollution externalization frequently causes societal equity and low economic efficiency, the market control manner is through pollution cost allotment alteration to better efficiency and equity, its get downing point is to take the pollution cost as a cost of merchandise, instead than allow it ascribe to the society. The Clean Air Act 1990 in amendments proposed system of emanation trade is a sort of typical market-based pollution control manner ( OECD, 1993 ) . Now this form more altered to the development of market economic system, so besides progressively used by authoritiess. Third, pollution allowance is by supplying ways and means to better the efficiency of the cost of administration pollution, application signifiers of economic levers to mobilise the enthusiasm of pollutant discharging endeavors, in order to recognize the pollutants cuts for the intent. It is a sort of specific and runing theoretical account, non straight reflected in its environmental aims, but to accomplish aims and supply ways and agencies ( Cook, 2009 ) . Pollution-discharge right trade can utilize the entire sum control make policy execution conditions, give full drama to the flexible economic stimulation map, do up and rectify entire sum control itself low efficiency job because of â€Å" command – control † ( Lohamann, 2009 ) . Theoretical survey and pattern show that, compared with concentration control, entire sum control, particularly capacity sum control, is the effectual step to protect the environment capacity of resources.2. Accounting intervention of pollu tion allowances2.1 accounting intervention of pollution allowances As environmental direction alterations from concentration control to entire sum control, at nowadays for environmental pollution fee besides changes from originally pollutants exceeds charge to emanation charges. Chemical and papermaking industries paid blowdown will increase more 30 % – 80 % than the original, thermic power industry ‘s paid blowdown will better about 10 times ( Aggie, 1995 ) . For pollution emanation endeavors, environmental policy is an endeavor ‘s of import economic policy, implement a policy measures taken, and its related assets, liabilities, income and contemplation control is besides more and more by the authorities, the society and the endeavor concerned. At present in the endeavor accounting system still merely at direction disbursals ‘ item undertaking â€Å" pollution fees † check endeavors ‘ paid blowdown. This pattern defects are as follows, foremost, because the authorities is charged pollution fees harmonizing to à ¢â‚¬Å" who pollute pay the fees † rule, such charge policy can non efficaciously motivate endeavors to actively command pollution and cut down emanations, the whole society can non recognize the sustainable development ends ( Opschoor, Lohman and Vos, 1994 ) . Second, because the environment ‘s limited pollution suiting ability and the scarceness nature of pollutants dismissed power, enterprises existent pollution emanation right shall be reflected as the endeavor resources in accounting statements, should non be used as fees. Third, from tradable emanation in the universe, some endeavors already join the sub undertakings or specific countries of pollution-discharge right trade program, in the world of pollution-discharge right trade for its comparative slowdown of the accounting criterion, and hapless maneuverability, brings trouble to the endeavors to reflect and command trading affairs needfully, and impact the accounting information determination utility. 2.2 development of emanation trading Emission trading is a sort of method to pull off and command pollution, is based on the market. The execution of emanation right by and large is done by the environmental administrative sections under the selected restricted country or within sections, which design limited emanations and cap-and-trade plan, to give emitters ‘ quota ( Gainesand, 1991 ) . The competent sections harmonizing to the achieved decrease ends lessening quota twelvemonth by twelvemonth. This provides trading platform for emanation right. Emission trade thought is derived from â€Å" Kose theorem † , every bit long as the market dealing cost is zero, no affair what the initial belongings constellation position is, through the dealing can accomplish the optimum allotment of resources ( Aggie, 1995 ) . Emission trading is foremost used by the us federal agency in air pollution and river pollution direction, particularly since in 1990 it was used in entire SO2 emanations control, has achieved the unprecedented success, has achieved great economic benefits and societal benefits. Harmonizing to the entire U.S. accounting house estimates, American emanations are evidently controlled, at the same clip, the cost of pull offing pollution is saved by about 2 billion dollars ( Lehman, 1996 ) . Germany, Australia, UK and other states in turn conduct emanation portion trade policies and patterns. Already officially effectual Kyoto protocol besides proposes that from 2008, states can carry on emanation trading ends. The European Union has launched â€Å" waste gas emanation trading system † , seeking to utilize market economic agencies, use the â€Å" unseeable manus † to force European endeavors to take part in the procedure of nursery gas emanation decrease. The EU ‘s â€Å" exhaust emanation trading market † is the first international emanation trading market. The European committee harmonizing to â€Å" the entire control, divide the load † rule foremost identified each member C emanations, once more by each member assigned to the several national endeavors. As for allotment manner, each member authorities should apportion at least 95 % of quotas free to endeavors ; the staying 5 % quota can be adopted bidding manner ( IASB, 2010 ) .3. Accounting issue of pollution allowances3.1 verification of pollution allowance Emission right as a production factor is scarce and valuable, besides has the possibility of appreciation income ( Milne, 1996 ) . Harmonizing to the recognized accounting patterns, assets are defined as a consequence of past events and formed by endeavor control, and is expected to bring forth economic benefits to the endeavor resources. International accounting standard 38 â€Å" intangible assets † defines emanation right is granted by the authorities, and it is a specific signifier of the franchise right. As for the confirm scope job of intangible assets of pollution-discharge right, how to reasonably and rightly allow the initial emanation quotas to endeavors is a trouble. Western states in pattern the initial emanation rights ‘ allotment methods normally include bide, administer freely and fixed monetary value sell these 3 sorts. In position of the differences of pattern, in order to reliably step emanation trade value, accounting merely confirms the emanation righ ts through understanding mode transferred or purchased. When the active pollution-discharge right trade market is bit by bit formed, authorities freely distributed pollution-discharge right can be besides confirmed as intangible assets in the engagement. 3.2 measuring of pollution allowance â€Å" Quota emanations and cap-and-trade program † will configure the participating topic ( participants ) emanations and cut their emanation quota to a certain degree ( viz. quota ) ends ( Cook, 2009 ) . By and large the quota granted by competent authorities sections to the participants is equal to the figure of the bound. â€Å" A bound emanations and cap-and-trade program † set the operation clip is a twelvemonth, and an execution of quotas normally is granted during the period to participants ( Lohmann, 2009 ) , by and large after the execution verify the existent emanations. Participants can freely purchase or sell emanation quotas, hence, the participants have three picks: can restrict its emanations ; can cut down their emanations below the quota and sell portion of them ; can bring forth more than its bound emanations, in this instance they must buy the exceeded portion emanations quota and bear the penalty. Participating endeavors should in the beginning of e ach program confirm achieved emanation. After the execution of programs, the participants are asked to pay the existent emanation quotas. If the participants can non present the adequate quotas, so must defy higher penalty. Participants held emanation quotas shall be entered an point in an history as intangible assets, and the attesting value is the existent payment. When participants ‘ emanation occurs, the already happened emanations quota duty is recognised as a liability. Should pay attending, emanation quotas ‘ obtain do non make net assets or net liabilities. 3.3 revelation of emanation trading About emanation trading fiscal place, runing consequences and hard currency flows information, participants should first study emanation quotas in the balance sheet ( Aggie, 1995 ) . Due to take part in emanation program, doing some assets expected generated hard currency flow cut down, and the damage of information shall be disclosed. Second, more information is disclosed in off-balance-sheet, including corporate revelation of the purchase and sale of pollution-discharge right trade volume and the measure. At the same clip reflecting emanation of the market monetary value alterations, and endeavors ‘ emanation trading fluctuant circumstance, this information for constructing a successful effectual pollution-discharge right trade market is really necessary. Held emanation quotas may be farther subdivided into initial awarded quotas and subsequently in the trading market purchase quota, harmonizing to the different sorts of pollution index cleavage. If a company held emanation q uotas is more than initial allotment measure, this explains endeavors in emanation market purchase emanation right.4. Significance of pollution allowanceSince Emission trade is put frontward in 1960s, particularly in 1990 it is used in SO2 field, has won great economic benefits and societal benefits. But as for the current emanation trade consequence and intending even the most successful American in pattern at that place have different sentiments. In the United States, such as New Mexico senator Minnixi calls it as â€Å" 1980s the most promising scenario † ( Aggie, 1995 ) . China ‘s many bookmans besides think, compared with traditional environmental direction manner, the broad application of market thought, will be more effectual to cut down pollution emanations. And some bookmans but think this sort of environmental direction agencies is non every bit perfect as imaginativeness. For illustration the American natural resources protection association of attorneies, th e federal agency of air pollution ‘s former manager in 1986 conversation regarded this policy as a â€Å" cozenage † to let companies to increase pollution. At the same clip emanations ‘ trading in China is besides criticized by many bookmans, they think this policy is merely to copy the western jurisprudence, in China it has non wholly the possibility to win. I think that sufficient and sensible scene and building of pollution-discharge right trade market system can advance China ‘s air pollution and H2O pollution bar and control work and it is an of import manner of sustainable development. In the hereafter whether China ‘s air and H2O environment protection can acquire more advancement depends on whether signifier the existent significance of pollution-discharge right trade market, it non merely has economic value, more greatly environmental value. In Summary, the significance of emanation trading chiefly include the undermentioned facets: to cut th e whole societal cost, efficaciously better the efficiency of pull offing pollution ; to advance companies ‘ invention, better pollution engineering ; to organize economic development and environment protection to heighten international fight ; to better the quality of environment enforcement.DecisionIn the decision that pollution allowances represent assets that should be reported on the balance sheets of companies entitled to such allowances. Emission trade development makes the research on emanation trade accounting issue has of import realistic significance. This paper analyzes emanation of initial acknowledgment and measuring, and concluding revelation and so on a series of accounting jobs.

Cómo cambiar caso en Corte migratoria para otro estado

Cà ³mo cambiar caso en Corte migratoria para otro estado Los migrantes con una cita para presentarte en una Corte de Inmigracià ³n ubicada en un lugar alejado al de su residencia habitual pueden solicitar un cambio de Corte. Es lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como change of venue.  ¿Quà © puede pasar si un migrante no se presenta a su cita en una corte migratoria? Los migrantes que han recibido citacià ³n para presentarse en una fecha y hora determinada en una Corte de Inmigracià ³n durante su proceso de deportacià ³n deben cumplir con esta obligacià ³n. En caso de no hacerlo, lo ms probable es que se dicte una orden de deportacià ³n in absentia. En estos casos, si el migrante es posteriormente detenido ser deportado inmediatamente sin tener derecho a presentarse ante un juez. Adems, una vez deportado tendr un castigo adicional que le impide solicitar por un plazo de cinco aà ±os los perdones I-601 y/o I-212. 6 pasos para cambiar Corte migratoria a otra ms cercana al lugar de residencia Cuando un migrante desea cambiar la corte de inmigracià ³n para otra ms conveniente teniendo en cuenta su lugar de domicilio actual debe seguir los siguientes pasos: Cambio de corte, conocido en inglà ©s como Change of Venue Debe escribirse en inglà ©s una pgina de introduccià ³n a la que se debe titular Respondent ´s Motion to Change Venue, es decir, tu peticià ³n para cambiar la Corte. En esa pgina el migrante debe anotar su nombre completo,  el alien registration number, el estatus migratorio, el nombre y el tipo de procedimiento, el nombre del juez asignado a tu caso, el dà ­a y la hora de la cita en la Corte. Esta informacià ³n se encuentra en el documento llamado Notice to Appear (I-862), que es la carta en la que se cita al migrante para que se presente en corte. Adems, el migrante debe admitir o negar los cargos que se presentan en su contra en dicha Notice to Appear y la lista de alivios que se piensan solicitar como, por ejemplo, el asilo, la cancelacià ³n de la deportacià ³n, la salida voluntaria, etc. Asimismo, debe incluirse la nueva direccià ³n y nà ºmero de telà ©fono y argumentar por quà © se solicita el cambio de corte, incluyendo documentos y evidencia que prueben que, efectivamente, el migrante tiene su domicilio en un lugar alejado al de la corte inicialmente designada. Cambio de direccià ³n notificando el nuevo domicilio Se debe completar el formulario (forma) EOIR 33, donde se notifica a la Corte el cambio de direccià ³n. Es el papel azul en la documentacià ³n que se le ha entregado al migrante. En la actualidad existe un procedimiento diferente al que se ha mencionado (carta de change of venue y formulario EOIR 33, que es de color azul- y que solo aplica a los menores cuya corte est fijada en Harlingen, Texas. En ese caso, deben completarse las planillas azul y pà ºrpura que se encuentran en el paquete que se le entrega a cada menor. Copias de los formularios Hacer dos copias de la carta de change of venue y de la planilla de cambio de direccià ³n (la que es de color azul). Envà ­o a la corte de inmigracià ³n Enviar por correo certificado al juez de la corte de inmigracià ³n para la que se recibià ³ la citacià ³n la carta original y el formulario azul original junto en un mismo paquete. Todos esos papeles tienen que ser recibidos por la corte al menos 15 dà ­as antes de la fecha de la citacià ³n. Pero es muy recomendable enviarlos cuanto antes sea posible. La razà ³n es que la Corte puede solicitar ms evidencias, y se tendrà ­an que enviar dentro de plazo. Notificacià ³n al abogado del gobierno Enviar por correo certificado una copia de la carta de change of venue y de la planilla de cambio de direccià ³n a la oficina del abogado que representa a los intereses del gobierno en el caso. La otra copia que se hizo de los documentos debe guardarla el migrante, asà ­ como el resguardo de haber enviado dicha documentacià ³n por correo certificado. Verificacià ³n de que la corte recibià ³ los papeles Es obligacià ³n del migrante presentarse en corte el dà ­a y a la hora de su citacià ³n. Por lo tanto, debe llamar por telà ©fono a la Corte en la que originalmente se le cità ³ para verificar que recibieron la solicitud de cambio de corte.  ¿Quà © sucede despuà ©s de solicitar cambio de Corte? Pueden suceder dos cosas. En primer lugar, que la Corte acepte la peticià ³n, y asà ­ lo notificar por escrito. En este caso te tienes que presentar a la nueva corte en el dà ­a y a la hora que te citen. En segundo lugar, puede suceder que la Corte niegue la peticià ³n. En este caso, el migrante tiene la obligacià ³n de presentarse el dà ­a de la cita en la corte original, ya que no hay cambio. Tips y recursos à ºtiles Los migrantes que se sienten cà ³modos en inglà ©s puedes escribir por sà ­ mismos la peticià ³n para cambiar la corte. Se puede encontrar inspiracià ³n en  el Immigration Court Practice Manual. Pero ya que presentarse en corte y luchar contra una deportacià ³n es un tema muy grave, todos los migrantes deben considerar contratar a un abogado de Inmigracià ³n para que realice este trmite y su defensa en corte. Si es un gasto caro que no se puede permitir, es aconsejable consultar con una organizacià ³n sin fin de lucro tipo Catholic Charities u otra. Finalmente, siempre es posible consultar informacià ³n bsica sobre fechas y plazos en el caso de tener un asunto pendiente en corte migratoria. Para ello marcar al 1-800-898-7180. Tener a mano el nà ºmero del Alien Registration Number. Cambio de corte migratoria Todos los migrantes que reciben una notificacià ³n para presentarse en una corte de inmigracià ³n estn obligados a hacerlo en el lugar, dà ­a y hora indiciados. Esta obligacià ³n aplica a adultos y a nià ±os. De no cumplirla, la corte dicta una orden de deportacià ³n in absentia, es decir, sin que el migrante està © presente.Los migrantes pueden solicitar un cambio de corte cuando tienen su domicilio en un lugar alejado de la ciudad en la que est ubicada la corte. Por ejemplo, cuando se les detuvo en un estado y residen en otro.Si despuà ©s de enviar la solicitud pidiendo el cambio de corte y notificando la nueva direccià ³n el migrante no recibe confirmacià ³n de que la corte ha aprobado el cambio de ubicacià ³n, deber presentarse a la cita en el dà ­a, hora y lugar inicialmente previsto. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Problems Muslims face in Britain Essay Example

Problems Muslims face in Britain Essay Example Problems Muslims face in Britain Essay Problems Muslims face in Britain Essay Originally 35 problems, cancelled down to 15.1. Muslims usually go in for arranged marriages, the women let the men in their family choose a suitable husband for them, and then they marry them. Of course not all Muslims do this, but the vast majority do. This can be frowned upon in some societies as people believe that everyone has a right to marry who they choose2. Muslims feel that western women dress in inappropriate ways, especially teenagers. However westerners do not feel like this, its just simply how they function. Of course all this is more likely to happen with westerners because of the fact that they mingle while they are teenagers or adolescents. Muslims separate children of different sexes after they hit their teenage years so that they do not get the wrong ideas. Several problems occur during that. The most important being that a woman may only expose her hands and face to a man not of her family. So when they have P.E or school they must wear trousers to cover their le gs. They have to go to same sex schools, which can cause a problem as most same sex schools are private so cost a lot. They cannot go swimming in mixed schools either. Muslim teenagers are not aloud out alone with boys. When they have relatives over the women and men will go their separate ways, and into separate rooms.3. Muslims may not eat food that is considered Haram. Which are animals that eat other animals. The food they eat must be halal, which means it has been killed in a special way (by slitting the animals throat). Sometimes they cannot eat cakes, pastry and cheese, because the animals it came from wasnt killed properly. Food cooked in fat that comes from a haram animal may not be eaten.4. When Muslims die they may not be buried in a coffin. This is illegal in Britain, as when you are buried, if you are not in a coffin all the maggots will slowly eat away at the flesh. Muslims cannot be cremated either and they must be buried with their head facing Mecca. Muslims must be buried on the day of the death, and be washed by members of the family. This is impractical in Britain. Sometimes it can take up to a week to be buried.5. Women and men may not be seen by a member of staff (doctor) who is off the opposite sex. So when they go into hospital this can cause problems, for example only male staff may be free and if youre a woman you might have to wait hours to see a female one.6. When a baby is born the words of command to worship are to be the first thing he hears. However if the baby is ill it may need to be rushed of right away and so cannot hear the words. Male babies are circumcised after birth, which can cause problems to have the operation at such a young age.7. The hijab that Muslim women wear which covers their whole body makes people prejudiced against them because of the London and Twin tower bombings by Muslim extremists.8. Muslims may not be in pubs or near anyways that sells alcohol. In fact in Muslim countries alcohol is forbidden, it is a prisionable offence to bring it into the country.9. Muslims may not have pictures which have people in them in their house.10. Smoking is frowned upon because it harms your health and it is discouraged to harm anything God created.11. At lunchtime Muslims must pray and at lunch time on a Friday Muslim men MUST go to the mosque to pray to Allah. This causes problems if they work for someone who is not Muslim because they may not understand.12. Muslims may only marry people whose family were Muslim. Which means that the father was a Muslim.13. Muslims is eastern countries are aloud more than one wife, however in Britain this is illegal.14. Sexual relationships outside marriage are considered wrong.Becki Atkinson Im sorry Mrs Smee but the school files were inaccessible over the weekend, we only found out on Friday. So I was unable to get onto my account to access the leaflet, so I just wrote up the information. Sorry again

Is Employer Monitoring of Employee Social Media Justified Essay

Is Employer Monitoring of Employee Social Media Justified - Essay Example and Donna, managers have the liberty to use information from the social media to monitor employees’ social network sites to guard themselves for the possibility of being sued of negligent hiring, and the retention laws suit that may be filed against their companies. Never the less, such information must be weighed against the expectations of the privacy by the person posting the information. Of importance to note is that, social networking has become the dominant online behavior. Many users have developed their own web pages where most of the information that is not found on the resume can be found there. In return the companies go into the web pages to seek for more information. Managers have used these web pages to make decision on whether or not to hire job candidates (Elzweig, 2009). Never the less, the right to privacy is highly determined by the settings of the account and the information that is provided by the site regarding privacy conditions. Hence, there is need for reading and understanding the terms and conditions that are given by various web pages in regard to privacy for every individual (Elzweig, 2009). However, the use of social media has limits, which have been considered by most of the companies that have put in measures that safeguard the privacy of the employees in honor of sound practice and ongoing communication. In essence, Widger and other Human Resource managers at companies that entails mature privacy programs have continually put emphasis on the importance of privacy policy , a component that contribute to effective privacy management. This ensures that policy management that has broad level actions makes policies meaningful to employees through employee education. Hence, the importance of managing privacy policies and real world scenarios related to privacy during work force communication and orientation (Wigner, 2010). According to Widger, lack of private policy and its mismanagement can lead to severe consequences such